Mental health practitioners’ perceptions of utilising animal-assisted interventions
- Authors: Scheepers, Jessica
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Animals -- Therapeutic use , Pets -- Therapeutic use Human-animal relationships Psychiatry -- Practice Mental health counseling
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/43512 , vital:36903
- Description: Clarity in recognising the individuals or circumstances where interaction with animals is possibly beneficial and suitable, is essential for both the individuals and the animals. The present research study attempted to document the intervention factors when local mental health practitioners utilise animal-assisted interventions (AAIs). This study was undertaken to explore and describe the factors mental health practitioners perceive as important when utilising AAIs for clients. In doing so the researcher was able to identify and describe the characteristics of clients considered by mental health practitioners for utilising AAIs, also the psychopathological conditions for which mental health practitioners utilise AAIs and the non-psychopathological applications. Additionally, the researcher identified and described the types and characteristics of the animals that are utilised in AAIs by mental health practitioners. The current study utilised a qualitative research approach employing non-probability purposive sampling. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six female mental health practitioners. All participants had implemented AAIs and were able to speak English fluently. Interviews were conducted in English and continued until data saturation was reached. Findings in the current study demonstrate that local mental health practitioners have numerous considerations that pertain to the client including the human attributes that influence the selection of AAI, an appropriate climate (weather during outdoor therapy), and the medical conditions that may influence the implementation of AAIs. The current research also found that there is a broad scope for psychopathological applications of AAIs. Finally, there are several considerations pertaining to the animal that is used for the AAI, including trustworthiness/predictability, relevant attributes, skills/training the animal requires, a suitable environment, and fatigue/therapy exhaustion that may occur during AAIs. Limitations to the current study were identified - including limitations to the methodology employed and only female participants - and recommendations were made for further research.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Scheepers, Jessica
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Animals -- Therapeutic use , Pets -- Therapeutic use Human-animal relationships Psychiatry -- Practice Mental health counseling
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/43512 , vital:36903
- Description: Clarity in recognising the individuals or circumstances where interaction with animals is possibly beneficial and suitable, is essential for both the individuals and the animals. The present research study attempted to document the intervention factors when local mental health practitioners utilise animal-assisted interventions (AAIs). This study was undertaken to explore and describe the factors mental health practitioners perceive as important when utilising AAIs for clients. In doing so the researcher was able to identify and describe the characteristics of clients considered by mental health practitioners for utilising AAIs, also the psychopathological conditions for which mental health practitioners utilise AAIs and the non-psychopathological applications. Additionally, the researcher identified and described the types and characteristics of the animals that are utilised in AAIs by mental health practitioners. The current study utilised a qualitative research approach employing non-probability purposive sampling. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six female mental health practitioners. All participants had implemented AAIs and were able to speak English fluently. Interviews were conducted in English and continued until data saturation was reached. Findings in the current study demonstrate that local mental health practitioners have numerous considerations that pertain to the client including the human attributes that influence the selection of AAI, an appropriate climate (weather during outdoor therapy), and the medical conditions that may influence the implementation of AAIs. The current research also found that there is a broad scope for psychopathological applications of AAIs. Finally, there are several considerations pertaining to the animal that is used for the AAI, including trustworthiness/predictability, relevant attributes, skills/training the animal requires, a suitable environment, and fatigue/therapy exhaustion that may occur during AAIs. Limitations to the current study were identified - including limitations to the methodology employed and only female participants - and recommendations were made for further research.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Perceptions on the efficacy of equine assisted play therapy™ in addressing low self-esteem of young bullied children
- Authors: Van Loggerenberg, Monique
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Animals -- Therapeutic use , Play therapy Bullying Self-esteem -- South Africa Educational psychology -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DEd
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/44179 , vital:37126
- Description: During the past decade, a surge of research emerged regarding the human-animal bond and how interactions with animals could be beneficial to both humans and animals on emotional, cognitive and biological levels. However, amongst others, a gap in literature on the experiences and perceptions of participants involved in animal assisted therapy programmes remain. This research focused on a specific population (bully victims presenting with low self-esteem in the middle childhood phase), also reflecting the perceptions of parties not directly involved in therapy, such as parents and teachers. This research adhered to strict ethical standards in accordance to NMU’s Ethical guidelines as well as in accordance to guidelines provided by the International Institute of Animal Assisted Play Therapy™. The welfare of both the horse and humans involved in this study was deemed equally important. Based upon the Gestalt therapy theory, the therapees were given the opportunity to explore alternatives, be creative and reveal specific therapeutic elements needing attention during each session. The focus was on building a therapeutic relationship in which the therapees could trust themselves, the therapist and horse to find the answers they needed and obtain the necessary skills to overcome feelings of helplessness when being bullied. Therapees presenting with low self-esteem results in specific vulnerability as it can be both the cause of being bullied or lead to being bullied. During the Equine Assisted Play Therapy™ (EAPT™) sessions the disempowered victim was allowed the opportunity to succeed in being assertive. Such children in therapy were given the opportunity to take centre-stage without being made fun of, whilst being encouraged to try out new behaviour and experience personal change. This study highlighted the perceptions of parents and teachers and the lived experiences of bully-victims. Exploring the efficacy of a relatively new therapeutic method, EAPT™ in addressing the low self-esteem levels and subsequent behaviour in the children who participated in this form of therapy, showed promising results in increasing self-esteem levels and positive behavioural changes in therapees.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Van Loggerenberg, Monique
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Animals -- Therapeutic use , Play therapy Bullying Self-esteem -- South Africa Educational psychology -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DEd
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/44179 , vital:37126
- Description: During the past decade, a surge of research emerged regarding the human-animal bond and how interactions with animals could be beneficial to both humans and animals on emotional, cognitive and biological levels. However, amongst others, a gap in literature on the experiences and perceptions of participants involved in animal assisted therapy programmes remain. This research focused on a specific population (bully victims presenting with low self-esteem in the middle childhood phase), also reflecting the perceptions of parties not directly involved in therapy, such as parents and teachers. This research adhered to strict ethical standards in accordance to NMU’s Ethical guidelines as well as in accordance to guidelines provided by the International Institute of Animal Assisted Play Therapy™. The welfare of both the horse and humans involved in this study was deemed equally important. Based upon the Gestalt therapy theory, the therapees were given the opportunity to explore alternatives, be creative and reveal specific therapeutic elements needing attention during each session. The focus was on building a therapeutic relationship in which the therapees could trust themselves, the therapist and horse to find the answers they needed and obtain the necessary skills to overcome feelings of helplessness when being bullied. Therapees presenting with low self-esteem results in specific vulnerability as it can be both the cause of being bullied or lead to being bullied. During the Equine Assisted Play Therapy™ (EAPT™) sessions the disempowered victim was allowed the opportunity to succeed in being assertive. Such children in therapy were given the opportunity to take centre-stage without being made fun of, whilst being encouraged to try out new behaviour and experience personal change. This study highlighted the perceptions of parents and teachers and the lived experiences of bully-victims. Exploring the efficacy of a relatively new therapeutic method, EAPT™ in addressing the low self-esteem levels and subsequent behaviour in the children who participated in this form of therapy, showed promising results in increasing self-esteem levels and positive behavioural changes in therapees.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Therapists’ perception of the healing variables of animal assisted intervention
- Authors: Torghi, Parnaz Salmani
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Animals -- Therapeutic use , Pets -- Therapeutic use Human-animal relationships Psychotherapy -- Alternative treatment
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/36705 , vital:34045
- Description: The significance of the bond that is formed through animal companionship can be found in narratives throughout history. In fact, often a pet is viewed as an integral part of the family and valued as deeply as a member if not more. This has resulted in numerous studies regarding the incorporation of animals within the therapeutic environment and the unique positive impact of their presence on the client. This study aimed to highlight the healing variables of Animal Assisted Intervention (AAI) as perceived by therapists that actively and purposefully incorporated animals into the therapeutic milieu. A qualitative research approach was utilised for the purpose of this study and semistructured interviews were conducted with a sample of five participants selected through a nonprobability purposive and snowball sampling strategy. Participants included registered Psychologists and Counsellors that had incorporated an animal into the therapeutic environment on at least three separate occasions in order to facilitate the therapeutic process. The participants revealed that the presence of the animal within the therapeutic environment acted as a social lubricant for therapy. This allowed for increased interaction between the therapist and the client, thereby facilitating the process of rapport building and the formation of a therapeutic relationship between the therapist and the client. The presence of the animal was observed as influential in increasing clients’ self-esteem. Likewise, the animal’s presence acted as an instrument in teaching social skills, namely, empathy and responsibility. Clients were additionally observed as more present within the here and now, further enabling the therapist to gain more in-depth information regarding the client’s relational interaction outside of the therapeutic setting. The therapy animal also provided the client with therapeutic touch and affection, a source of distraction, a form of a transitional object or object of projection, as well as a buffer that enabled clients to access and express emotions more freely. This study adds to the body of knowledge available on AAI within the South African context.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Torghi, Parnaz Salmani
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Animals -- Therapeutic use , Pets -- Therapeutic use Human-animal relationships Psychotherapy -- Alternative treatment
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/36705 , vital:34045
- Description: The significance of the bond that is formed through animal companionship can be found in narratives throughout history. In fact, often a pet is viewed as an integral part of the family and valued as deeply as a member if not more. This has resulted in numerous studies regarding the incorporation of animals within the therapeutic environment and the unique positive impact of their presence on the client. This study aimed to highlight the healing variables of Animal Assisted Intervention (AAI) as perceived by therapists that actively and purposefully incorporated animals into the therapeutic milieu. A qualitative research approach was utilised for the purpose of this study and semistructured interviews were conducted with a sample of five participants selected through a nonprobability purposive and snowball sampling strategy. Participants included registered Psychologists and Counsellors that had incorporated an animal into the therapeutic environment on at least three separate occasions in order to facilitate the therapeutic process. The participants revealed that the presence of the animal within the therapeutic environment acted as a social lubricant for therapy. This allowed for increased interaction between the therapist and the client, thereby facilitating the process of rapport building and the formation of a therapeutic relationship between the therapist and the client. The presence of the animal was observed as influential in increasing clients’ self-esteem. Likewise, the animal’s presence acted as an instrument in teaching social skills, namely, empathy and responsibility. Clients were additionally observed as more present within the here and now, further enabling the therapist to gain more in-depth information regarding the client’s relational interaction outside of the therapeutic setting. The therapy animal also provided the client with therapeutic touch and affection, a source of distraction, a form of a transitional object or object of projection, as well as a buffer that enabled clients to access and express emotions more freely. This study adds to the body of knowledge available on AAI within the South African context.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
A systematic review of the effectiveness of animal-assisted interventions
- Authors: Badenhorst, Estelle
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Animals -- Therapeutic use , Human-animal relationships
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9980 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1021139
- Description: There is a global increase in research on the benefits of animals and the value of incorporating them into interventional practices. This is referred to as animal-assisted interventions. Due to the novelty of this type of intervention and the accompanying complexity of variables, a need exists to explore the various aspects within these interventions. Looking specifically at animal-assisted interventions within the mental health field, this study focuses on the psycho-therapeutic value of companion animals, such as dogs and cats. The primary aim of this study was to identify the mechanisms through which an animal-assisted intervention exerts its influence. A secondary aim was to indentify salient methodological aspects within the included studies. A systematic review of existing literature was undertaken to explore these factors. Each study was appraised against specific inclusion and exclusion criteria and themes were extracted. The data was synthesised, integrated and discussed in relation to previously conducted studies in relevant fields. Six themes emerged from the systematic review. These included enhanced comfort, the living nature of animals, physical contact, adjunctive nature, an affinity for animals, as well as methodological considerations. Based on these emergent themes conclusions were drawn as to the psycho-therapeutic influences of companion animals. This may serve as informative knowledge regarding animal-assisted interventions for practitioners seeking additional methods to reach treatment goals. Information is also provided for researchers interested in the field, particularly methodological considerations, before embarking on a study of animal-assisted intervention efficacy.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Badenhorst, Estelle
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Animals -- Therapeutic use , Human-animal relationships
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:9980 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1021139
- Description: There is a global increase in research on the benefits of animals and the value of incorporating them into interventional practices. This is referred to as animal-assisted interventions. Due to the novelty of this type of intervention and the accompanying complexity of variables, a need exists to explore the various aspects within these interventions. Looking specifically at animal-assisted interventions within the mental health field, this study focuses on the psycho-therapeutic value of companion animals, such as dogs and cats. The primary aim of this study was to identify the mechanisms through which an animal-assisted intervention exerts its influence. A secondary aim was to indentify salient methodological aspects within the included studies. A systematic review of existing literature was undertaken to explore these factors. Each study was appraised against specific inclusion and exclusion criteria and themes were extracted. The data was synthesised, integrated and discussed in relation to previously conducted studies in relevant fields. Six themes emerged from the systematic review. These included enhanced comfort, the living nature of animals, physical contact, adjunctive nature, an affinity for animals, as well as methodological considerations. Based on these emergent themes conclusions were drawn as to the psycho-therapeutic influences of companion animals. This may serve as informative knowledge regarding animal-assisted interventions for practitioners seeking additional methods to reach treatment goals. Information is also provided for researchers interested in the field, particularly methodological considerations, before embarking on a study of animal-assisted intervention efficacy.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
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