A replacement name for Bostra Stål (Insecta, Phasmida, Diapheromeridae), a junior homonym of Bostra Walker (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Pyralidae)
- Authors: Villet, Martin H
- Date: 2023
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/440738 , vital:73808 , https://jor.pensoft.net/article/97047/
- Description: Bostra Stål (Phasmida, Diapheromeridae) is a junior homonym of Bostra Walker (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae). The replacement name Bostranova Villet nomen nov. is proposed for Bostra Stål, and new combinations are proposed for the species-group names currently included in that phasmid genus.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023
- Authors: Villet, Martin H
- Date: 2023
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/440738 , vital:73808 , https://jor.pensoft.net/article/97047/
- Description: Bostra Stål (Phasmida, Diapheromeridae) is a junior homonym of Bostra Walker (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae). The replacement name Bostranova Villet nomen nov. is proposed for Bostra Stål, and new combinations are proposed for the species-group names currently included in that phasmid genus.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023
The final instar exuvium of Pycna semiclara Germar, 1834 (Hemiptera Cicadidae)
- Midgley, John M, Bouwer, Nicolette, Villet, Martin H
- Authors: Midgley, John M , Bouwer, Nicolette , Villet, Martin H
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/440695 , vital:73804 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC136752
- Description: Exuviae of the cicada Pycna semiclara were found next to freshly eclosed adults. The exuvium of Pycna Semiclara is described and illustrated for the first time and a key is presented to distinguish the exuvium of this species from those of Platypleura stridula and Platypleura capensis, the only other species of cicadas from southern Africa for which exuviae have been described.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Midgley, John M , Bouwer, Nicolette , Villet, Martin H
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/440695 , vital:73804 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC136752
- Description: Exuviae of the cicada Pycna semiclara were found next to freshly eclosed adults. The exuvium of Pycna Semiclara is described and illustrated for the first time and a key is presented to distinguish the exuvium of this species from those of Platypleura stridula and Platypleura capensis, the only other species of cicadas from southern Africa for which exuviae have been described.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Amplified fragment length polymorphism confirms reciprocal monophyly in Chrysomya putoria and Chrysomya chloropyga: a correction of reported shared mtDNA haplotypes
- Picard, C J, Villet, Martin H, Wells, J D
- Authors: Picard, C J , Villet, Martin H , Wells, J D
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/441760 , vital:73914 , DOI:10.4236/jcdsa.2012.22018
- Description: Reinvestigation of mitochondrial haplotypes previously reported to be shared between the Afrotropical blowflies Chrysomya putoria Weidemann and Chrysomya chloropyga Weidemann (Diptera: Calliphoridae) revealed an error resulting from the misidentification of specimens. Preliminary amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis of the original and additional individuals again failed to find reciprocal monophyly, leading to a re‐examination of the specimens for diagnostic male genitalic characters that were first described following the earlier study. Four of the original study specimens were found to have been misidentified, and definitive analysis of both mtDNA and AFLP genotypes using phylogenetic analysis and genetic assignment showed that each species was indeed reciprocally monophyletic. In addition to correcting the earlier error, this study illustrates how AFLP analysis can be used for efficient and effective specimen identification through both phylogenetic analysis and genetic assignment, and suggests that the latter method has special advantages for identification when no conspecific specimens are represented in the reference database.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Picard, C J , Villet, Martin H , Wells, J D
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/441760 , vital:73914 , DOI:10.4236/jcdsa.2012.22018
- Description: Reinvestigation of mitochondrial haplotypes previously reported to be shared between the Afrotropical blowflies Chrysomya putoria Weidemann and Chrysomya chloropyga Weidemann (Diptera: Calliphoridae) revealed an error resulting from the misidentification of specimens. Preliminary amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis of the original and additional individuals again failed to find reciprocal monophyly, leading to a re‐examination of the specimens for diagnostic male genitalic characters that were first described following the earlier study. Four of the original study specimens were found to have been misidentified, and definitive analysis of both mtDNA and AFLP genotypes using phylogenetic analysis and genetic assignment showed that each species was indeed reciprocally monophyletic. In addition to correcting the earlier error, this study illustrates how AFLP analysis can be used for efficient and effective specimen identification through both phylogenetic analysis and genetic assignment, and suggests that the latter method has special advantages for identification when no conspecific specimens are represented in the reference database.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
Cutaneous myiasis: is Lucilia cuprina safe and acceptable for maggot debridement therapy?
- Kingu, Howard J, Kuria, Simon K, Villet, Martin H, Mkhize, Jane N, Dhaffala, Adupa, Iisa, John M
- Authors: Kingu, Howard J , Kuria, Simon K , Villet, Martin H , Mkhize, Jane N , Dhaffala, Adupa , Iisa, John M
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/442649 , vital:74018 , DOI:10.4236/jcdsa.2012.22018
- Description: Preservation of viable tissue is important in wound management. It is achieved by small, incremental removal of devitalised, necrotic and infected tissues. Maggot debridement therapy (MDT) is used in septic necrotic wounds that fail to respond to conventional modalities. MDT has relied on Lucilia cuprina, which consumes only necrotic tissues, as opposed to Lucilia cuprina, which devours both flesh and necrotic tissues. Recent findings have shown that L. cuprina consumes mainly necrotic and very small amounts of viable tissues and may be used in MDT where L. sericata is very rare or absent. Here we describe wound healing in a patient from rural South Africa with cutaneous myiasis. Our findings agree with workers who indicated that L. cuprina could be used in MDT.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Kingu, Howard J , Kuria, Simon K , Villet, Martin H , Mkhize, Jane N , Dhaffala, Adupa , Iisa, John M
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/442649 , vital:74018 , DOI:10.4236/jcdsa.2012.22018
- Description: Preservation of viable tissue is important in wound management. It is achieved by small, incremental removal of devitalised, necrotic and infected tissues. Maggot debridement therapy (MDT) is used in septic necrotic wounds that fail to respond to conventional modalities. MDT has relied on Lucilia cuprina, which consumes only necrotic tissues, as opposed to Lucilia cuprina, which devours both flesh and necrotic tissues. Recent findings have shown that L. cuprina consumes mainly necrotic and very small amounts of viable tissues and may be used in MDT where L. sericata is very rare or absent. Here we describe wound healing in a patient from rural South Africa with cutaneous myiasis. Our findings agree with workers who indicated that L. cuprina could be used in MDT.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
An accidental but safe and effective use of Lucilia cuprina (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in maggot debridement therapy in Alexandria, Egypt
- Tantawi, Tarek I, Williams, Kirstin A, Villet, Martin H
- Authors: Tantawi, Tarek I , Williams, Kirstin A , Villet, Martin H
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/442454 , vital:73986 , https://doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/47.3.491
- Description: The calliphorid fly, Lucilia cuprina (Wiedemann), is known to cause serious malign myiasis in animals, whereas its sibling species Lucilia sericata (Meigen) is commonly a carrion breeder and is used in maggot debridement therapy (MDT). The current study reports an accidental involvement of L. cuprina in MDT in Alexandria, Egypt, that has proved to be safe and effective. In November 2008, the laboratory colonies of L. sericata (the species regularly used in MDT) at the Faculty of Science, Alexandria University were renewed by Lucilia flies collected as third instar larvae on exposed rabbit carcasses. Flies from the new colonies were successfully used to heal the diabetic foot wounds of two patients at Alexandria Main University Hospital. Analysis of DNA sequences and adult and larval morphology then revealed that these flies were and still are L. cuprina. Breeding of this species in carrion in Alexandria is a new record. Despite the safety of this strain of L. cuprina in MDT, entomologists rearing blow flies for the purpose of wound debridement should regularly maintain high quality assurance of their species’ identity to avoid possible clinical complications that may result from the introduction of an unexpected and invasive species to their laboratory colonies.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2010
- Authors: Tantawi, Tarek I , Williams, Kirstin A , Villet, Martin H
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/442454 , vital:73986 , https://doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/47.3.491
- Description: The calliphorid fly, Lucilia cuprina (Wiedemann), is known to cause serious malign myiasis in animals, whereas its sibling species Lucilia sericata (Meigen) is commonly a carrion breeder and is used in maggot debridement therapy (MDT). The current study reports an accidental involvement of L. cuprina in MDT in Alexandria, Egypt, that has proved to be safe and effective. In November 2008, the laboratory colonies of L. sericata (the species regularly used in MDT) at the Faculty of Science, Alexandria University were renewed by Lucilia flies collected as third instar larvae on exposed rabbit carcasses. Flies from the new colonies were successfully used to heal the diabetic foot wounds of two patients at Alexandria Main University Hospital. Analysis of DNA sequences and adult and larval morphology then revealed that these flies were and still are L. cuprina. Breeding of this species in carrion in Alexandria is a new record. Despite the safety of this strain of L. cuprina in MDT, entomologists rearing blow flies for the purpose of wound debridement should regularly maintain high quality assurance of their species’ identity to avoid possible clinical complications that may result from the introduction of an unexpected and invasive species to their laboratory colonies.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2010
“The Two Cultures reunited: entomology for everyone”
- Authors: Villet, Martin H
- Date: 2009
- Language: English
- Type: Audio , text
- Identifier: vital:587 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1018947
- Description: Fifty years ago C.P. Snow delivered his essay, "The Two Cultures", sparking the schism between the Humanities and the Sciences. This lecture explores cultural entomology as a means of reconciling two other cultures: academia and society, and suggests one way of addressing this alienating dilemma.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2009
- Authors: Villet, Martin H
- Date: 2009
- Language: English
- Type: Audio , text
- Identifier: vital:587 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1018947
- Description: Fifty years ago C.P. Snow delivered his essay, "The Two Cultures", sparking the schism between the Humanities and the Sciences. This lecture explores cultural entomology as a means of reconciling two other cultures: academia and society, and suggests one way of addressing this alienating dilemma.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2009
A new and earlier record of Chrysomya megacephala in South Africa, with notes on another exotic species, Calliphora vicina (Diptera Calliphoridae)
- Williams, Kirstin A, Villet, Martin H
- Authors: Williams, Kirstin A , Villet, Martin H
- Date: 2006
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/440710 , vital:73805 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC84554
- Description: South African records of Chrysomya megacephala and Calliphora vicina are reviewed and plotted on maps. Dispersal routes of these two forensically and medically important blowfly species are discussed. Emphasised is the importance of deposition of voucher material in museum collections.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
- Authors: Williams, Kirstin A , Villet, Martin H
- Date: 2006
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/440710 , vital:73805 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC84554
- Description: South African records of Chrysomya megacephala and Calliphora vicina are reviewed and plotted on maps. Dispersal routes of these two forensically and medically important blowfly species are discussed. Emphasised is the importance of deposition of voucher material in museum collections.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
Effects of prophylactic progesterone in decomposing tissues on the development of Chrysomya chloropyga (Wiedeman)(Diptera Calliphoridae)
- Da Silva, C, Villet, Martin H
- Authors: Da Silva, C , Villet, Martin H
- Date: 2006
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/442020 , vital:73950 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC32654
- Description: Medico-legal forensic entomology is often concerned with the estimation of postmortem intervals (PMI), the time elapsed since the death of a body, by estimating the age of maggots if they are found on a body. These estimates can be complicated by the presence of a variety of drugs that may be present in dead bodies, including steroids such as hydrocortisone (Musvasva et al. 2001).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
- Authors: Da Silva, C , Villet, Martin H
- Date: 2006
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/442020 , vital:73950 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC32654
- Description: Medico-legal forensic entomology is often concerned with the estimation of postmortem intervals (PMI), the time elapsed since the death of a body, by estimating the age of maggots if they are found on a body. These estimates can be complicated by the presence of a variety of drugs that may be present in dead bodies, including steroids such as hydrocortisone (Musvasva et al. 2001).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
Insect Pest Management and Ecological Research, GH Walter book review
- Authors: Villet, Martin H
- Date: 2003
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/442060 , vital:73952 , https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.2009.00824.x
- Description: This book is a 275-page argument for the place of theoretical biology in pest management research. Its general message is that contemporary pest management research emphasizes application of technology or strategic research at the expense of application of knowledge or tactical research, and that even the application of knowledge should actually be subservient to the development and extension of knowledge, theoretical research. Whenever we study a pest, we are presented with an opportunity to enhance, rather than merely apply, knowledge. It is argued that pest management research is currently failing itself because it is not doing this, and several areas of theoretical biology are identified as offering ways out of this situation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2003
- Authors: Villet, Martin H
- Date: 2003
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/442060 , vital:73952 , https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.2009.00824.x
- Description: This book is a 275-page argument for the place of theoretical biology in pest management research. Its general message is that contemporary pest management research emphasizes application of technology or strategic research at the expense of application of knowledge or tactical research, and that even the application of knowledge should actually be subservient to the development and extension of knowledge, theoretical research. Whenever we study a pest, we are presented with an opportunity to enhance, rather than merely apply, knowledge. It is argued that pest management research is currently failing itself because it is not doing this, and several areas of theoretical biology are identified as offering ways out of this situation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2003
Winter absconding as a dispersal mechanism of the Cape honeybee
- Hepburn, H Randall, Villet, Martin H, Jones, Georgina E, Carter, A, Simon, V, Coetzer, W
- Authors: Hepburn, H Randall , Villet, Martin H , Jones, Georgina E , Carter, A , Simon, V , Coetzer, W
- Date: 1993
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6862 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011154
- Description: The dispersal characteristics of the African honeybee, Apis mellifera scutellata, resulted in a greatly mobile hybrid front in the New World, but in Africa its hybridization zone with the Cape honeybee, Apis mellifera capensis, appears very stable.The maintenance of stable hybrid zones is predicated on a balance between dispersal and selection Knowledge on the extent of gene flow from either race is in its infancy, and the probability of successful dispersal by either race has not yet been considered. Both capensis and scutellata are notorious for absconding, capensis the more so for resource-related seasonal absconding in winter. The two races also differ fundamentally in the ways they conserve heat both behaviourally and physiologically. We investigated the energy consumption and colony survival characteristics of capensis in terms of winter absconding in a climate with cycles of warm days interspersed with cold days. These are compared with calculated values for scutellata to assess whether capensis might have a directional gene flow advantage over scutellata in their zone of hybridization.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
- Authors: Hepburn, H Randall , Villet, Martin H , Jones, Georgina E , Carter, A , Simon, V , Coetzer, W
- Date: 1993
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6862 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011154
- Description: The dispersal characteristics of the African honeybee, Apis mellifera scutellata, resulted in a greatly mobile hybrid front in the New World, but in Africa its hybridization zone with the Cape honeybee, Apis mellifera capensis, appears very stable.The maintenance of stable hybrid zones is predicated on a balance between dispersal and selection Knowledge on the extent of gene flow from either race is in its infancy, and the probability of successful dispersal by either race has not yet been considered. Both capensis and scutellata are notorious for absconding, capensis the more so for resource-related seasonal absconding in winter. The two races also differ fundamentally in the ways they conserve heat both behaviourally and physiologically. We investigated the energy consumption and colony survival characteristics of capensis in terms of winter absconding in a climate with cycles of warm days interspersed with cold days. These are compared with calculated values for scutellata to assess whether capensis might have a directional gene flow advantage over scutellata in their zone of hybridization.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1993
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