‘Basadi ba kae? [Where are the women?]: a history of the making of Sepedi (Sesotho sa Leboa) womanhood, 1935 – 1999
- Mahlo, Mathabo Makgare Betty
- Authors: Mahlo, Mathabo Makgare Betty
- Date: 2025-04-25
- Subjects: Northern Sotho language , Sotho (African people) , Women, Black Africa , Representation (Philosophy) , Missionaries , Berlin Mission Church (Transvaal, South Africa)
- Language: English
- Type: Academic theses , Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/478465 , vital:78189
- Description: This study sought to explore the way an African ethnicity – namely the ‘Pedi’ ethnicity - emerged through literary texts and examined the representations of black African woman in vernacular texts from 1935 to 1990. This thesis is geographically situated in the Northern Transvaal, currently known as the Limpopo Province, the ‘homeland’ of Northern Sotho speakers (‘Sesotho sa Lebowa’ or ‘Basotho’ communities). It began by tracing the various stakeholders who utilised the terms ‘Pedi’ and ‘Bapedi’ to represent a federation of independent chiefdoms within the Lulu (or Leolo) Mountain valley. The noun ‘Pedi’ became - over the course of the nineteenth and twentieth century - an ethnic category, encompassing those who spoke one of the many Northern Sotho dialects. As the Berlin Missionary Society (BMS) expanded their missionary enterprise into the Transvaal in the 1860s, a Northern Sotho language was formalised – with the aid of black African Christian converts from different Northern Basotho’s chiefdoms. The formalisation of Northern Sotho as a language resulted in the creation of an artificial link between Northern Sotho communities and the Northern Sotho language by the Union of South Africa state. The state used this link as marker of ethnic difference, conflating speaking practices with ethnic units. In view of the foregoing, this study discussed the various historical processes that have informed our contemporary understanding of the ‘Pedi’ (henceforth referred to as Bapedi) – as an ethnic category. This study commenced with an understanding of the emergence of the ‘Basotho’ (Northern Basotho) subject, followed by the ways in which missionaries and black African Christian converts added cultural weight to this term through the formalisation of language, the particularisation of a Northern Sotho culture and the production of Northern Sotho print media. Within these texts, ideas around a Northern Sotho ethnicity were circulated. Additionally, within vernacular texts, appeared representations of black African women, which echoed missionary ideals of Christian womanhood and precolonial ideals of womanhood. This study foregrounded the discourse on the formation of the Northern Sotho ethnicity in the light of the representations of women in literary texts. This is because literary works were targeted at black African communities, and these works shaped black Africans’ own ideas of ethnicity and womanhood. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, History, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04-25
- Authors: Mahlo, Mathabo Makgare Betty
- Date: 2025-04-25
- Subjects: Northern Sotho language , Sotho (African people) , Women, Black Africa , Representation (Philosophy) , Missionaries , Berlin Mission Church (Transvaal, South Africa)
- Language: English
- Type: Academic theses , Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/478465 , vital:78189
- Description: This study sought to explore the way an African ethnicity – namely the ‘Pedi’ ethnicity - emerged through literary texts and examined the representations of black African woman in vernacular texts from 1935 to 1990. This thesis is geographically situated in the Northern Transvaal, currently known as the Limpopo Province, the ‘homeland’ of Northern Sotho speakers (‘Sesotho sa Lebowa’ or ‘Basotho’ communities). It began by tracing the various stakeholders who utilised the terms ‘Pedi’ and ‘Bapedi’ to represent a federation of independent chiefdoms within the Lulu (or Leolo) Mountain valley. The noun ‘Pedi’ became - over the course of the nineteenth and twentieth century - an ethnic category, encompassing those who spoke one of the many Northern Sotho dialects. As the Berlin Missionary Society (BMS) expanded their missionary enterprise into the Transvaal in the 1860s, a Northern Sotho language was formalised – with the aid of black African Christian converts from different Northern Basotho’s chiefdoms. The formalisation of Northern Sotho as a language resulted in the creation of an artificial link between Northern Sotho communities and the Northern Sotho language by the Union of South Africa state. The state used this link as marker of ethnic difference, conflating speaking practices with ethnic units. In view of the foregoing, this study discussed the various historical processes that have informed our contemporary understanding of the ‘Pedi’ (henceforth referred to as Bapedi) – as an ethnic category. This study commenced with an understanding of the emergence of the ‘Basotho’ (Northern Basotho) subject, followed by the ways in which missionaries and black African Christian converts added cultural weight to this term through the formalisation of language, the particularisation of a Northern Sotho culture and the production of Northern Sotho print media. Within these texts, ideas around a Northern Sotho ethnicity were circulated. Additionally, within vernacular texts, appeared representations of black African women, which echoed missionary ideals of Christian womanhood and precolonial ideals of womanhood. This study foregrounded the discourse on the formation of the Northern Sotho ethnicity in the light of the representations of women in literary texts. This is because literary works were targeted at black African communities, and these works shaped black Africans’ own ideas of ethnicity and womanhood. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, History, 2025
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2025-04-25
Africa‘s Heritage No.8: The Future
- Authors: Tracey, Hugh
- Subjects: African , Heritage , Legacy , Character , Personality , Parasites , Zulu , Praises , Izibongo , Bunyoro , Uganda , Hutu , Tutsi , Hehe , Kikuyu , Masai , Yao , Chewa , Rwanda , Kenya , Nyasaland , Ndebele , Mzilikazi , Zezuru , Drums , Flutes , Lamentation , Negro slaves music , Pula , Rain song , Tswana , Chief Batwe Village , Kanye , Nandi people , Zande people , Northern Congo , Lobatse , Bechuanaland , Mbira , Famine songs , Religious songs , Rhodesia , Lake Victoria , Spirit of the Lake , Bantu , Broken drum , Work songs , Singing , Political , Cultural heritage , Independent , Interdependence , South Africa , Dances , Folk stories , Jesuits , Missionaries , Father Fernandes, Andrea , Inyarime River , Portuguese , Xylophone , Chopi , Timbila , Hymns , Clapping , Church , Guitar , Nyoro people , Masindi , Percussion instrument , Nashville , Tennessee , Hammer songs , Preditors , Chingoma chakubaruka , Mbuluwundi, Reuben Tancard
- Language: English
- Type: Sound , Radio broadcast , Music
- Identifier: vital:15116 , BC134 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011534 , Reel number: BC134
- Description: 8th programme in the ‘Africa‘s Heritage‘ Series, broadcast by the South African Broadcasting Corporation , For further details refer to the ILAM Document Collection: Hugh Tracey Broadcasts
- Full Text: false
- Authors: Tracey, Hugh
- Subjects: African , Heritage , Legacy , Character , Personality , Parasites , Zulu , Praises , Izibongo , Bunyoro , Uganda , Hutu , Tutsi , Hehe , Kikuyu , Masai , Yao , Chewa , Rwanda , Kenya , Nyasaland , Ndebele , Mzilikazi , Zezuru , Drums , Flutes , Lamentation , Negro slaves music , Pula , Rain song , Tswana , Chief Batwe Village , Kanye , Nandi people , Zande people , Northern Congo , Lobatse , Bechuanaland , Mbira , Famine songs , Religious songs , Rhodesia , Lake Victoria , Spirit of the Lake , Bantu , Broken drum , Work songs , Singing , Political , Cultural heritage , Independent , Interdependence , South Africa , Dances , Folk stories , Jesuits , Missionaries , Father Fernandes, Andrea , Inyarime River , Portuguese , Xylophone , Chopi , Timbila , Hymns , Clapping , Church , Guitar , Nyoro people , Masindi , Percussion instrument , Nashville , Tennessee , Hammer songs , Preditors , Chingoma chakubaruka , Mbuluwundi, Reuben Tancard
- Language: English
- Type: Sound , Radio broadcast , Music
- Identifier: vital:15116 , BC134 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011534 , Reel number: BC134
- Description: 8th programme in the ‘Africa‘s Heritage‘ Series, broadcast by the South African Broadcasting Corporation , For further details refer to the ILAM Document Collection: Hugh Tracey Broadcasts
- Full Text: false
The African heritage in music and in art
- Authors: Tracey, Hugh
- Subjects: Technical College, Pretoria, Transvaal (Gauteng), South Africa , BP Southern Africa , African Heritage , Music , Art , America , Facing the Music , Problem , Population , Political crisis , Values , Tradition , Speech , Changes , Damage , Symbols , Phsychology , Education , Missionaries , Prejudice , Interdepence , Understanding , Intangibles , Material objects , Huts , Hoe , Spears , Legend , History , Sculpture , Trees , Carving , Wood carving , West Africa , Moralising , Basutholand , Medical murder , Lumumba , Congo , Kanyoka , Salisbury , Drinking , Fooding , Dancing , Churches , General Education Conference , Heritage , New York , American negro , London , Evaluation of arts , Father Andre Fernandez , Dark , Chosen people , Ideal , Year of change , Inter-dependence , Demands for independence , Statue , Politics
- Language: English
- Type: Sound , Lecture , Music
- Identifier: vital:15099 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008527 , Reel number: BC130, BC171, BC172
- Description: Lecture presented by Hugh Tracey at the General Education Conference, Technical College, Pretoria, South Africa , For further details refer to the ILAM Document Collection: Hugh Tracey Broadcasts
- Full Text: false
- Authors: Tracey, Hugh
- Subjects: Technical College, Pretoria, Transvaal (Gauteng), South Africa , BP Southern Africa , African Heritage , Music , Art , America , Facing the Music , Problem , Population , Political crisis , Values , Tradition , Speech , Changes , Damage , Symbols , Phsychology , Education , Missionaries , Prejudice , Interdepence , Understanding , Intangibles , Material objects , Huts , Hoe , Spears , Legend , History , Sculpture , Trees , Carving , Wood carving , West Africa , Moralising , Basutholand , Medical murder , Lumumba , Congo , Kanyoka , Salisbury , Drinking , Fooding , Dancing , Churches , General Education Conference , Heritage , New York , American negro , London , Evaluation of arts , Father Andre Fernandez , Dark , Chosen people , Ideal , Year of change , Inter-dependence , Demands for independence , Statue , Politics
- Language: English
- Type: Sound , Lecture , Music
- Identifier: vital:15099 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008527 , Reel number: BC130, BC171, BC172
- Description: Lecture presented by Hugh Tracey at the General Education Conference, Technical College, Pretoria, South Africa , For further details refer to the ILAM Document Collection: Hugh Tracey Broadcasts
- Full Text: false
The Many Sides of African Music No. 8
- Authors: Tracey, Hugh , Mngoma, Khabi
- Subjects: Portuguese East Africa , Rock Oysters , Chopi , Bowmen , Cattle , Goats , Portuguese food , Komokomo , Story-telling , Flutes , Girls , Guitars , Zavala , Bazerutu , Xaixai , Villa Jean Bell , Chitingele , Zavala coast , Inharrime , Shangaan , Xylophones , Rubber headed beaters , Dom Gonzalo de Silvera , Missionaries , Andre Fernandez , Wedding , Jesuits , San Antonio , Timbila orchestra , Mzeno , Karingaro karingaan , Sol de Save , Gitonga language , Chief Nyakotowo , Ocarina , Matamba , Sikawele , Nightjar , Pigeon , Gelegele , Ndau , Ngonyana , Chibutu
- Language: English
- Type: Sound , Radio broadcast , Music
- Identifier: vital:15074 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008502 , Reel number: BC056
- Description: The Many Sides of African Music No. 8 of illustrated talks by Hugh Tracey and Peggy Tracey on their travels in search of African music, broadcast by the British Broadcasting Corporation , For further details refer to the ILAM Document Collection: Hugh Tracey Broadcasts
- Full Text: false
- Authors: Tracey, Hugh , Mngoma, Khabi
- Subjects: Portuguese East Africa , Rock Oysters , Chopi , Bowmen , Cattle , Goats , Portuguese food , Komokomo , Story-telling , Flutes , Girls , Guitars , Zavala , Bazerutu , Xaixai , Villa Jean Bell , Chitingele , Zavala coast , Inharrime , Shangaan , Xylophones , Rubber headed beaters , Dom Gonzalo de Silvera , Missionaries , Andre Fernandez , Wedding , Jesuits , San Antonio , Timbila orchestra , Mzeno , Karingaro karingaan , Sol de Save , Gitonga language , Chief Nyakotowo , Ocarina , Matamba , Sikawele , Nightjar , Pigeon , Gelegele , Ndau , Ngonyana , Chibutu
- Language: English
- Type: Sound , Radio broadcast , Music
- Identifier: vital:15074 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008502 , Reel number: BC056
- Description: The Many Sides of African Music No. 8 of illustrated talks by Hugh Tracey and Peggy Tracey on their travels in search of African music, broadcast by the British Broadcasting Corporation , For further details refer to the ILAM Document Collection: Hugh Tracey Broadcasts
- Full Text: false
The Sound of Africa: High Commission Territories: The music of Mozambique
- Authors: Tracey, Hugh
- Subjects: Singing , Guitars , Portuguese East Africa , Mozambique , Atlantic sailors , Indian Ocean , Arabs , Dhows , Father Fernandes, Andrea , Henry VIII , Sofala , Indigenous songs , Jesuits , Missionaries , 1560s , Fado , Bow tune , Chitende bow , Elizabethan times , Rhodesians , Pop songs , Tonga , Indian , Menina Indiana , Ngoma ya Shirilo , Gomez, Feliciano Mutano , Lourenco Marques , Shangaan , Shanga , Ndau , Masapa , Ndodya mutombo , Magical charms , Mbira dza waNdau , Father Dos Santos , Mwadziitira , Xylophones , Mbira notes , Chopi , Dance , Rattles , Save River , Marimba , Malimba , Ngodo , Msitso , Karanga , Monomutapa , Movement , Timbila , Mzeno , Chibudu , Komukomu , Lawanani michanja , Whistling , Msungiso wa siwaka
- Language: English
- Type: Sound , Radio broadcast , Music
- Identifier: vital:15114 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011512 , Reel numbers: BC121, BC122
- Description: 4th programme in ‘The Sound of Africa‘ Series IV of illustrated talks by Hugh Tracey on his travels in search of African music, broadcast by the British Broadcasting Corporation , Feature programme for the BBC , For further details refer to the ILAM Document Collection: Hugh Tracey Broadcasts
- Full Text: false
- Authors: Tracey, Hugh
- Subjects: Singing , Guitars , Portuguese East Africa , Mozambique , Atlantic sailors , Indian Ocean , Arabs , Dhows , Father Fernandes, Andrea , Henry VIII , Sofala , Indigenous songs , Jesuits , Missionaries , 1560s , Fado , Bow tune , Chitende bow , Elizabethan times , Rhodesians , Pop songs , Tonga , Indian , Menina Indiana , Ngoma ya Shirilo , Gomez, Feliciano Mutano , Lourenco Marques , Shangaan , Shanga , Ndau , Masapa , Ndodya mutombo , Magical charms , Mbira dza waNdau , Father Dos Santos , Mwadziitira , Xylophones , Mbira notes , Chopi , Dance , Rattles , Save River , Marimba , Malimba , Ngodo , Msitso , Karanga , Monomutapa , Movement , Timbila , Mzeno , Chibudu , Komukomu , Lawanani michanja , Whistling , Msungiso wa siwaka
- Language: English
- Type: Sound , Radio broadcast , Music
- Identifier: vital:15114 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011512 , Reel numbers: BC121, BC122
- Description: 4th programme in ‘The Sound of Africa‘ Series IV of illustrated talks by Hugh Tracey on his travels in search of African music, broadcast by the British Broadcasting Corporation , Feature programme for the BBC , For further details refer to the ILAM Document Collection: Hugh Tracey Broadcasts
- Full Text: false
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